The 19th century saw the rise of new religious movements, mainly of Christian origin. By the 20th century, translated texts from Islamic and Buddhist religions were available to a broader public. These new movements were often led, in large part, by charismatic leaders such L. Ron Hubbard. In this article, we'll learn about the origins and practices of these religious movements.
Religions in contemporary society
Religion is becoming more secularized and diluted in modern society. The rise of secularization has the potential to diminish the plausibility or religious belief. Therefore, it is vital to have shared beliefs systems. The public functions of secular societies are the same as those performed by religious institutions, but without the "irrational restrictions" that come with religion.
It is difficult to study religion because the various types of religious practices are so diverse. Yet there are four essential dimensions that are common to all kinds of religions. These include belief, ritual and spiritual experience. They also include unique forms of community.
Alternative religious movements
Alternative religious movements are a new trend with modern origins, but occupy a marginal place in society. They are also known by the names alternative religions or spirituality. These movements have two purposes: to deepen our understanding of the human condition and to encourage spiritual growth. Some of these movements are based on ancient beliefs, while others have modern origins.
California was home to many alternative religious movements. Hare Krishna groups were seen at airports and dancing down Telegraph Avenue. Buddhist teachers attracted many new followers, Sufi choirs sang at concerts, and weekly radio programs introduced new spiritual leaders to the public. These new religious movements were growing in popularity but some scholars wanted to suppress them.
Their origins
The 20th century saw new religious movements emerge. They often have a unique approach to traditional religions or a focus on human potential. The leadership and basic organizational principles of the first generation of new religions are often shared. However, new religious movements have their own practices and theology.
The study of new religious movements has expanded from a small group of scholars in the 1960s to several hundred scholars today. The rise in popularity of new religions was accompanied by mass media. These new mediums enabled religions worldwide exposure and financial support.
Their practices
The Graduate Theological Union Archives house materials related to New Religious Movements. This collection contains materials from more than 900 groups including alternative and quasi-religious religious movements, witchcraft and new age communes and metaphysical movements. The collections include correspondence and position papers as well promotional materials.
Different meanings can be given to the phrase "new religion." NRMs can be described as a new way to think by some, or they can be used to refer to all religions. Either way, NRMs are characterized by a charismatic leader. NRMs are often characterized by a large membership base that converts.
Their impact upon Catholicism
Modernist thinking had a profound impact on the Second World War. The Faith saw a dramatic decline across much of Europe. Many reports reported that churches were in decline and whole generations had abandoned Catholic practices. Many American tourists from Europe returned during this time with images showing empty churches and barren areas. They had less impact on their country but these ideas still had an influence.
Pope Martin V convened The Council of Basel just before his death in 1431 to discuss issues such as reforming the church and national pressures. It also addressed the question of God's definition.